Maternal nutrition during pregnancy and risk of asthma, wheeze, and atopic diseases during childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Date
2015
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Hispanoamericana
Abstract
Background: Epidemiologic studies suggest a relationship between maternal nutrition
during pregnancy and the occurrence of asthma and atopic conditions during
childhood. However, individual study results are conflicting. The objective of this
meta-analysis was to critically examine the current evidence for an association
between nutrition (dietary patterns, food groups, vitamins, or oligo-elements)
ingestion during pregnancy and asthma, wheeze, or atopic conditions in
childhood.
Methods: The inclusion criteria were as follows: (i) systematic recording of diet
during the gestational period and (ii) documentation of asthma, wheezing,
eczema, or other atopic disease in the offspring. The primary outcomes were
prevalence of asthma or wheeze among the offspring during childhood; and
secondary outcomes were prevalence of eczema, allergic rhinitis, or other atopic
conditions.
Results: We found 120 titles, abstracts, and citations, and 32 studies (29 cohorts)
were included in this analysis. Data on vitamins, oligo-elements, food groups,
and dietary patterns during pregnancy were collected. A meta-analysis revealed
that higher maternal intake of vitamin D [odds ratio (OR) = 0.58, 95% confidence
interval (CI) = 0.38–0.88], vitamin E (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.46–0.78), and
zinc (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.40–0.97) was associated with lower odds of wheeze
during childhood. However, none of these or other nutrients was consistently
associated with asthma per se or other atopic conditions.
Conclusions: Current evidence suggests a protective effect of maternal intake of
each of three vitamins or nutrients (vitamin D, vitamin E, and zinc) against
childhood wheeze but is inconclusive for an effect on asthma or other atopic
conditions.
Description
Keywords
ASTHMA / ATOPY / CHILDREN / DIET / NUTRITION